Computer Security Incident Response Team Essay Example for Free

PC Security Incident Response Team Essay In the most recent decade, an ever increasing number of organizations have begun to investigate internet business to associate them to the limitless universe of worldwide providers, accomplices, shoppers and considerably more. This blast in innovation has put various resources are hazard from a security angle permitting programmers/crakers and anybody on the web to access these system and addition data or attempt to endanger business to a point where it stops. Increment in Denial of administration assaults, youngster erotic entertainment, infection/worms and different apparatuses utilized by people to obliterate information has lead to law authorization and media to investigate why and how these security breaks are directed and what new legal laws are expected to prevent this from occurring. As indicated by CSI PC wrongdoing and security Survey 2007, the normal yearly misfortune announced by security penetrate has shot up to $350,424 from 168,000 the earlier year. To add to this, an ever increasing number of associations are detailing PC interruptions to law authorization which slanted to 29 percent contrasted with 25 percent the prior year. 1] To be fruitful in react to an occurrence, there are a couple of things that should be followed: 1. Limit the quantity of seriousness of security occurrences. 2. Collect the center PC security Incident Response Team (CSIRT). 3. Characterize an episode reaction plan. 4. Contain the harm and limit hazard. [3] How to limit the quantity of seriousness and security episodes: It is difficult to forestall all security related occurrences, yet there are things that should be possible to limit the effect of such episodes: †¢Establishing and implementing security approaches and techniques. Picking up help from Management in both authori zing security approaches and taking care of episodes. Getting to vulnerabilities on the earth on standard premise including ordinary reviews. †¢Checking all gadgets on certain time spans to ensure that all the updates were performed. †¢Establishing security arrangements for both end clients and security individual and requesting trusted status every single time an entrance is allowed. †¢Posting standards and updates for obligations and limitation of utilization of uses, and different frameworks on the system. †¢Implementing secure secret key polices thought the system. Checking log documents on ordinary fundamentals and observing traffic. †¢Verifying reinforcements are done on standard rudiments and kept up in a fitting way. This would likewise incorporate the new email reinforcement strategy laws. †¢Create Computer Security Response Team (CSIRT) [3] Security danger is the equivalent for both huge, little, and government associations and accordingly it is significant that paying little mind to what the orga nization has for its safety efforts, it likewise has a composed record that builds up rules for episode reaction. Occurrence react arranging is a lot of rules that record on security episode dealing with and correspondence endeavors. This arrangement is actuated when an episode that could affect the company’s capacity to work is built up. PC Security Incident Response Plan (CSIRP) ought to contain the accompanying: 1. Strategic: the reaction group will be answerable for, including how to deal with episodes as they occur and what steps are important to limit the effect of such occurrences. 2. Degree: this would characterize, who is answerable for which territory of security, it can incorporate things like application, network(s), workers, correspondence both inside and to the general population and substantially more. . Data stream: How data will be taken care of if there should be an occurrence of a crisis and how it will be accounted for to the fitting power, pubic, media and inner workers. 4. Administrations gave: This record ought to contain all the administrations that are either given to the clients or administrations that are utilized or purchased from different sellers including testing, instruction , specialist co-op issues to give some examples. [2] The CSIRT group must contain a few individuals including a Team head which will screen changes in individual’s actives and duty of investigating activities. An Incident Lead, that will be committed as the proprietor of set of occurrences and will be answerable for addressing anybody outside the group while and relating changes and updates. A gathering of individual’s part of the CISRT group called individuals will be capable to deal with duty of the occurrence and will screen various zones of the organization. Different individuals from this group ought to incorporate Legal assistance, advertising officials, contractual workers and other individual from the executives both from business and IT that can help during security penetrates. On the off chance that an Incident has happened, it is essential to arrange this as an occurrence seriousness. Most organizations use between Severity 1-5. 1 being the most noteworthy and 5 being the exploration stage where no framework or user’s are influenced. For most framework anything under Severity 3 is definitely not a significant effect of the framework however in the event that there is a framework wide issue that requires prompt consideration, a seriousness 1 or 2 would fall under the class of Incident reaction strategy and set up a high caution. The expense of an episode can be high, contingent upon the loss of information, hence distinguishing the hazard and all the genuine danger fall under this class. When the episode has been recognized it ought to go into the appraisal stage, where it ought to be resolved if the framework can be repurchased up again and how much harm is finished. On the off chance that the business is affected evaluation ought to be finished. The appraisal incorporates measurable examination ordinarily including a group of master that investigate the what number of PC were influenced, what sort of data was taken or changed, section level of assaults, potential harm done by occurrence, recuperation process and the most ideal approach to survey this from happening once more. The following period of this is regulation, which is the appraisal of harm and seclusion of different frameworks that can likewise be undermined including system. Reinforcement of the framework in the present status ought to be done as of now for additional scientific examination. Examining of log documents and revealing frameworks that were utilized like firewalls, switches ought to be recognized. Any adjustment of documents including dos, exe ought to likewise be completed in this stage. When this is done, the following stage is Recovery. Recuperation is reestablishing clean information back the framework so it can perform is work as required. Subsequent to introducing last great reinforcement, it is essential to test the framework before placing this underway once more. Further reconnaissance of system and application ought to be set up as gatecrashers would attempt this once more. Each organization today, climate little or large needs an episode reaction solidarity to shield itself against predators on the web. The administration offices has set a few guidelines and guidelines on such norms and are necessitated that organization adhere to these measures to keep away from further disturbance of the administration. This turns out to be considerably increasingly basic for organizations that play significant spot in the economy like charge card, wellbeing, protection and substantially more. A few territorial organizations today can help plan CSIRP plan that give assistance making a group of people that can demonstration quick in such circumstances. The execution of such arrangement cost less over the long haul, when contrasted with organizations that don’t have such reaction plan and free information that is basic to their endurance.

The First Hundred Days of FDR and Obama in the Presidential Seat Essay Example for Free

The First Hundred Days of FDR and Obama in the Presidential Seat Essay Two Presidents took up the Presidential seat under the hour of a monetary downturn in the United States. These two are Former President Franklin Delano Roosevelt (broadly known as FDR) and President Barrack Obama, the recently chosen President in last year’s races. Both have entered the presidential scene in a period of extraordinary financial emergency; in FDR’s time was the Great Depression and in Obama’s, a mirror or reoccurrence of the Great Depression. The previous effectively managed the Great Depression, safeguarding the nation from monetary breakdown and approaching common unrestâ€if the emergency would proceed. The last is required by people in general to convey a similar exhibition under the equivalent financial circumstance, trusting that everything would be fine in the closest conceivable future. Contrasting the two president’s initial hundred days in the presidential seat, they apply the emanation of expectation as observed by the open eye when they previously took up the presidential seat, to convey the nation from a compounding monetary emergency. In his initial scarcely any long periods of office, President Franklin D. Roosevelt promptly planned for safeguarding the United States’ economy from the Great Depressionâ€a monstrous financial downturn. It was a test for the President-elect to spare the nation from such a sinkhole yet he previously spread out plans on how he would have the option to accomplish this essential objective. The main thing that he focused on was to close all the banks in the nation, pronouncing a bank â€Å"holiday†. This was done all together for the legislature and these investors to evaluate the circumstance and plan out a procedure so as to recover control of the falling apart economy. The Emergency Banking Bill was actualized so as to redesign banks in the nation, and later to revive these under another structure, which end up being an incredible move by the president. After his terms in the workplace, he was viewed as a model for succeeding presidents to follow as he had the option to accomplish such a large number of incredible things even with crisisâ€from the Great Depression to the Second World War. During his initial hundred days, he had the option to settle the American economy, staying away from its further defeat. Presidents that followed attempted to reproduce FDR’s term. The ongoing president-elect Barrack Obama has most likely felt a similar weight as what FDR felt during his initial hundred days in the workplace, entering the scene whereupon the nation is enduring a comparative monetary downturn; Dã ©jã vu the same number of financial experts and students of history would accept. Nonetheless, the inquiry despite everything remains: would he have the option to pull off indistinguishable tricks from that of the late FDR? Some way or another, President Obama is giving a few indications of guarantee in his initial barely any days in the workplace. He at first focused with the balancing out the country’s economy however later on focused on setting up better associations with other countriesâ€some of which are â€Å"enemies† of the United States. All things being equal, it despite everything didn't reproduce the extraordinary accomplishment of FDR in his initial barely any days in office: sparing the economy from a profound sinkhole. Nonetheless, it could likewise be accepted that Obama’s rendition of the â€Å"rescue† is still on the arranging stages as the organization couldn't manage the cost of any errors in leading this financial salvage plan. Likewise, the individuals have not surrendered trust on President Obama to convey them from this monetary catastrophe in the United States. There isn't a lot of distinction between the two aside from the way that FDR has effectively settled the economy to an increasingly controllable level in his initial hundred days in the workplace. He practiced a quick alleviation plan for the United States government and its kin, so as to spare them from the shows disdain toward of the Great Depression. President Obama means to recreate this accomplishment as the nation is at present confronting a similar circumstance. Simultaneously, he intended to build up better associations with different countries, control abroad issues, and transform the legislature into a straightforward element. These two presidents have shared a comparable destiny when they entered the administration. They were required by the general population to soothe the nation from further financial ruin, as these individuals thought about them as a beam of trust in a superior America later on. References Kangas, S. (1997). The First 100 Days. The Great Depression: Its Causes and Cure. Recovered April 27, 2009 from http://www.huppi.com/kangaroo/First100days.htm Smith, J. E. (2009, January 16). How F.D.R. Made the Presidency Matter. 100 Days: Starting the Job, From F.D.R. to Obama. Recovered April 27, 2009 from http://100days.blogs.nytimes.com/2009/01/16/how-fdr-made-the-administration matter/ Talev, M. (2009, April 26). Obama’s initial 100 days in office haven’t been very. McClatchy Newspapers. Recovered April 27, 2009 from http://news.yahoo.com/s/mcclatchy/20090426/pl_mcclatchy/3217776

Write a play. RELIGION Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Compose a play. RELIGION - Coursework Example This might be in opposition to Jewish states which are run in understanding to Jewish law through exceptional authoritative courts. People from Jewish foundation effectively coincide with others notwithstanding their moderate nature towards their convictions. This shows why at present, the significant common Jewish resistance organizations join faculty able and committed to dealing with interfaith issues. They make openings where individuals from other confidence religions are permitted to examine and discourse. David: Health care suppliers center around giving suitable consideration to patients from various strict foundations. This calls for medical caretakers to secure as much information as possible concern different strict convictions and their social practices for the motivations behind giving quality human services. Regular religions frequently experienced inside medicinal services spaces are Baha’ism, Buddhism and Sikhism (Puchalski and Romer, 2000). Be that as it may, such religions share various similitudes and contrasts. Decent variety in religions and confidence conviction frameworks gives enough difficulties inside the medicinal services division. Be that as it may, human services suppliers are invested with duty of demonstrating acknowledgment of decent variety of different conviction articulations (Puchalski and Romer, 2000). Hussein: According to Sikh religion, wellbeing and mending are legitimately identified with otherworldliness since they have faith in the complicated connection between body, soul and psyche. Inside a similar line of conviction, body is accepted to effectively house the soul, which eventually interfaces individuals with God. Sikh religion significantly puts stock in reflection, which frames a fundamental piece of day by day employment from family and on an individual level (Puchalski and Romer, 2000). Husein: Sikh contains petitions implied explicitly for one's recuperating and harmony, which are given in type of songs . Petition is accepted to have powers vital for securing mental fortitude, expectation, acknowledgment and comprehension of profound significance of disease. As per the religion, God does his will on disorders either through petition or customary medication. A few devotees like to acknowledge God’s will as opposed to follow clinical medicines from doctors. They are at freedom to consolidate Western medication with conventional herbs just as other accessible treatments. There are broad lessons on ruinous nature of unlawful medications, which as indicated by Sikh, ought to be kept away from by all methods since they are accepted to meddle with body capacities, thus adverse during the time spent seeking after faithful life. The religion incompletely permits issues on contraception since it is seen as a type of disturbance to characteristic pattern of life from alternate points of view. (Puchalski and Romer, 2000). David: A reflection on the sacred texts and supplication are view ed as critical, which is finished with the help of relatives. Ideas of petition and contemplation can be acted in a functioning structure by patients or they might be aloof in type of songs (Puchalski and Romer, 2000). All works on encompassing medicinal services should focus on the comprehensive recuperating of the brain, body and soul. Profound mending helps the way toward recognizing and valuing the significance of an enabled life dependent on evident self-esteem. Recuperating encounters helps people in leading lives that are boundless. Recuperating in the soul as referenced by most religions, requests leaving the worries of the physical body and grasping the heavenly light. Husein: However, a large portion of these encounters are broadly managed in the physical body. It is a significant viewpoint for people to ache for a recuperation from an otherworldly point of view. This helps doctors in distinguishing the way that breaking down body organs can be very much redressed from the

How to Know If Teaching Is the Right Profession for You

Teaching is one of the most rewarding careers that one can embark on. It is also one of the most stressful as demands and expectations are always changing. It takes a special person to handle everything that is thrown at teachers. Before making a life-changing decision, you need to be sure that teaching is the right profession for you. If the following five reasons ring true, then you are likely headed in the right direction. You Are Passionate About Young People If you are thinking about going into teaching for any other reason than this, you need to find another career. Teaching is difficult. Students can be difficult. Parents can be difficult. If you do not have an absolute passion for the young people that you teach, you will burn out quickly. Having a passion for the young people that you teach is what keeps a terrific teacher going. It is what drives them to spend long hours trying to figure out how to help those students who are struggling â€Å"get it.† That passion is the driving force behind doing your job year after year. If you do not have a total passion for your students, you might last a year or two, but you will not make it to year twenty-five. It is a must have quality for every good teacher. You Want to Make a Difference Teaching can be immensely rewarding, but you shouldn’t expect that reward to come easily. To make a real difference in a student’s life you have to be adept at reading people and figuring out their own unique preferences. Children of all ages can spot a phony quicker than any adult. If you are not there for the right reasons, they will certainly figure it out quickly. Teachers who are real with their students are the ones who make the most difference in their students’ lives because the students buy into what they are doing. Making the students believe that you are there to make a difference is something you have to show them over time. You Are Skilled at Instructing People in a Variety of Ways Students come from such diverse backgrounds that it is difficult to approach any two students in the same way. You have to be willing and able to teach the same concept through many different approaches, or you may not reach all your students. You will unquestionably not be an effective teacher if you only teach one way. A fantastic teacher is an evolving teacher. Teachers who search out better and new methods are the ones who will make it. Being flexible and adaptable are two key characteristics of a good teacher. It allows you to provide instruction in a variety of method that will meet all your students’ needs. You Are a Team Player If you are someone who does not work well with others, teaching is not the career for you. Teaching is all about relationships and not just the relationships with your students. You can be the greatest instructor in the world, and you limit yourself if you cannot effectively communicate with the parents of your students as well as your peers. Your peers can offer you so much information and advice that it is an absolute necessity be a team player who is willing to not only listen to advice but then to try to apply it to your teaching. If you cannot communicate well with parents, then you will not last long. Parents expect to know what is going on in their child’s life. You provide a large chunk of that information for parents of school-age children. A good teacher needs to be able to work with everyone involved in the school community. You Can Handle Stress Factors All teachers cope with stress. It is essential that you be able to handle everything thrown at you. There will be days when you are dealing with personal issues, and you have to overcome those once you walk through your classroom doors. You cannot let a difficult student get to you. You cannot allow a parent to dictate how you handle your class or a particular student. There are so many opportunities for stress within a classroom that an excellent teacher has to be able to handle it, or they will be burned out tremendously quick. If you cannot manage stress extremely well, then education may not be the right profession for you.

Modifying Within The Womb And Its Effects On Human Life

Modifying Within The Womb Technologies that have been created by humans have assisted on the increasing of human life, and allowing humans to survive conditions that could have caused them to die also the ability to resist sicknesses. The ability for us to control both plants and animals and allowing the humans to base their carrying capacity on a fake ecosystem that they have created, except of just their natural environment they inhabited from there parents. For many years, humankind has found ways to make themselves immune to certain sicknesses. Now a days, with the new understanding concerning the genetic structure of mankind, scientist are finding ways to end the suffering of the millions who are born with diseases that they got†¦show more content†¦Cloning, somatic genetic engineering, and germline genetic engineering (a series of germ cells each descended or developed from earlier cells in the series, regarded as continuing through successive generations of an organis m) are considered possible in the future for Humans to be able to do. Research is currently happening to allow for genetic engineering benefit humankind (Who Owns Life 21). Cloning is an example of a process of genetic engineering. In cloning, cells make copies of themselves. On February 1997 Dolly the sheep as the first successful animal reproductive clone (Who Owns Life 25). In the case of cloning Dolly only one out of one hundred fertilized eggs produce a successful replicate. Due to how complicated the human body is, as well as the Religious issues involved in making copies of humans while also killing hundreds of eggs while trying to have a successful procedure. Scientists have been focusing more on therapeutic cloning. Therapeutic cloning is when scientists take cells from healthy organs and grow completely new organs for people who need organ transplants â€Å"The research for these procedures is promising, but also time consuming, challenging, and expensive† (Cook-Dee gan 79). All cells in the human body except on creating of sperm, eggs, and the cells that make them are somatic cells. Somatic genetic therapy, genes are inserted into cells within a person, to replace genes that cause the cell to breakdown (Caplan 114). This

G.C.S.E English and English Literature Coursework Poetry...

G.C.S.E English and English Literature Coursework Poetry Assignment We have been set the task to compare the ways in which the poems I have studied deal with the passing of time. The three poems are â€Å"To his Coy Mistress†, â€Å"Ozymandias† and â€Å"To the Virgins to Make Much of Time†. All three of the poems clearly deal with the passing of time in different ways. â€Å"To his Coy Mistress† is about a man telling a woman that if he had all the time in the world, he would spend it with her. In the â€Å"To the Virgins to Make Much of Time† a man is trying to persuade a woman to make much of her youth with the time she is given. â€Å"Ozymandias† is about time in a different way by saying no tyranny can beat time like the statue in the poem. This poem†¦show more content†¦The first two lines of the poem I consider to be the most important of all in this poem and they relate to the subject of time. In the third and fourth lines he is saying that he wants to be close to her and make every decision with her. This gives an immense effect because of the use of alliteration and assonance. He visualized being dead and lying in a grave with worms everywhere. Their bodies turn to dust and into ashes all my lust. He is in a sense warning her too return his mortal love or face having never loved before she dies and turns to dust. The talk of deserts and turning to ashes and dust implies a total lack of water. This is opposite to the first part of the poem that is awash with images of flowing water. Perhaps it is symbolic of his ever flowing love and a never-ending life that he dreams of, where time goes on forever. The dry imagery here seems to be denoting a sort of end. The knowledge that he is not immortal and his life will not go on forever. It serves to enhance the urgency of his love being requited. The Graves a fine and private place, But none I think do there embrace. In these last lines, Marvell seems to be once again asserting the importance of their love and feelings now that they are still living. Death is an end - not only of life but of their love as well. At another level, He seems to be celebrating the beauty of this lady, against the unavoidable background of death. Therefore, they should quickly

Economic Policy and Global Government

Question: Critically review the economic policy that is relevant to the housing policies in Malaysia. Answer: Introduction The main aim of the assignment is to critically review the economic policy that is relevant to the housing policies in Malaysia. The author in the report analyzes the affordable housing policy in Malaysia and its economic implication in the country. Housing is one of the basic necessities of the people and one of the rising concerns for the government. The housing process is continually rising making it unaffordable for the low income group people. Both the public and private sector play an important role in providing houses to the people. The five year plan of the government aims at providing low cost housing to the poor people. The housing policies should be such that it is affordable by the poor (Abdul-Rahman et al., 2012). The government needs to frame the economic policies that aim at eradicating poverty. Government is the main entity to provide the quality housing to all and this can be achieved by framing proper housing policies and schemes. One of the important national agend a of the Malaysian government is to provide quality housing to the citizens of Malaysia. The housing policies have been included in the five years Malaysian plans that are long term plan from the year 1991-2000. The government has enacted the National Housing Policy in the year 2011 (Aziz et al., 2014). In order to achieve sustainability in the housing needs it is essential to concentrate on the low income group people. Malaysia is a multi cultural country where there are three groups that are prominent. Housing provisions depends on these racial religious groups. Most of the Malays live in rural areas, Indians in rubber and oil palm estate and Chinese in urban areas. It was essential for the government to break this stereotype and implement a new economic policy in 1970. The main aim of the economic policy is to foster unity by eradicating poverty and changing tax structure for the benefit of the society (Bakhtyar et al., 2013). National housing policy The main objective of the National housing policy is to provide adequate and good quality house with comprehensive facilities and a conductive environment. It specially aims at providing affordable housing to the low income group and at low cost. The policy was formulated to provide adequate housing to all the citizens of Malaysia (Baqutayan, 2014). Malaysian housing policy is divided into various stages that are as follows: regal period (Before 1957) Early stage of independent (1957-1970) New economic policy (1970-1990) National development plan (1991-2000) The main propose of the colonial period is that government is the main player and the public sector plays an essential role in providing housing facilities. It specially aims at providing housing facility to the low income group in the town area. In the early stage of development the main emphasis was on the housing for low income people in urban area. The public sector focuses on the low cost housing and the private sector is involved in providing medium and high cost housing. In the stage of new economic policy development private sector played an essential role. The main emphasis was on the development of the low, medium and high cost housing too all the citizens in Malaysia (Hamzah Murphy, 2014). It concentrated on sustainable development to ensure that all the people in Malaysia lived in a decent house regardless of their income. Public and private sector played an essential in provision of housing. In the last phase or stage that is the vision development plan, government play s an essential role. Emphasis was on the sustainable urban development and providing adequate housing to all the income groups. The policy does not only focus on housing development but it is linked with the industry and commerce development as well (Doling Ronald, 2014). In order to make the housing facility affordable it is essential for the government to match the demand and supply promoting sustainability housing provisions. Malaysian five year plan The housing provision in Malaysia is laid in the five year plans. The main aim of the first and the second five year plan is to promote the welfare of the people irrespective of the ethnic background. The third plan aims at eradicating poverty. The fourth plan aims at providing housing provisions to all the people in the society. The fifth plan aims at providing the basic social facilities such as schools, hospitals and community in spite of the basic infrastructural facilities. In the sixth and the seventh plan housing provisions were divided into low, middle and high income group. The plan requires both the private and public housing to cooperate and meet the demand of housing plan specially the low income group (Labin et al., 2014). Housing policies and programs Several housing programs has been introduced by the government to provide housing for the low income group through allocations of the public housing due to the commitment of ten government to provide adequate housing facilities to the low income group people. Te programs are as follows: Low cost and affordable public housing program- the program involves both private and public sector that aims at providing quality housing facilities to the low income group. The main aim is to improve the quality of life of people and eradicate poverty. The program targets at the income group of people earning less than RM1, 500 (Muhsin et al., 2014). Housing development program for the Hardcore poor (PPRT) - the main target is the people that is below the poverty line and in hardcore poverty. The policy aims at uplifting the poor people from the social strata. It involves a project that concentrates on the development of the low cost houses to then poor people with the adequate infrastructural facilities and public utilities. The program involves creating income opportunities for the poor so that they are able to provide good housing facilities to their children and also provide educational assistance. It aimed at eradicating poverty so that people get decent houses with basic amenities (Rahman et al., 2013). Integrated housing program- the program of integrated housing plan was included in the seventh five year plan that aims at providing housing to the poor. The housing policy seeks to create economic growth through building actions mainly for the growth of the low cost accommodation (Ferguson et al., 2014). Affordable housing Affordability of the housing is known as financial ability to purchase the good quality housing to the low income group. Affordability of housing depends on incomes of the people. It is opposed to communal housing, community housing and low cost housing. Affordable housing is the one that is of low cost and in adequate location and of good quality. Housing affordability and housing ownership is often used to make comparison between the prices at which the houses are purchased to the household income. The main issue with the housing provision in Malaysia recently is providing affordable housing to the middle income group people. Malaysia is a developing country and it is a capitalist economy where the market is free. The free market concentrates on providing good quality houses and is skewed towards higher priced properties. This contradicts with the public policy of providing housing to the low income group that is having monthly household income below RM2, 500. The issue arises due to various factors such as rising construction costs and rising labor costs that in turn increase the cost and the prices of housing making it difficult for the middle income group level difficult to afford. The rule of thumb for the houses to be affordable is that the median house price should not exceed three times the median gross annual household income. There are various measures used to measure the affordability of the houses. The most common approach is price to income ratio that is derived by dividing the median house price by the median gross annual household income. (Shuid, 2015). The housing policies and programs should be economically viable, socially feasible and technically acceptable to achieve sustainable housing provisions. The mortgage loans provided by the government should be low in order to make the housing facility affordable by everyone. Home finances should be made more affordable by providing subsides and financial assistance. The public and the private sectors should conduct the market research before formulating any housing plan (Teck-Hong, 2012). The demand for the properties is strong in Malaysia even though the prices of the houses are high. The demand for affordable housing is on the rise due to the rise in the cost of living along with the high prices of the houses. Youth housing scheme was also introduced by the government that was mostly implacable for the first time home buyers. The policy aimed at giving discounts as well as giving monthly allowance. It was specially formulated for the ones who do not have access to bank and loans. Lack of adequate affordable houses in Malaysia has been a problem for a long period of time. It is low when compared to the public demand for housing. Affordable housing has been a necessity because of the prices of the houses is increasing while the income of the middle group is low. The research shows that process of the houses in Malaysia has increased by 12.3 percent annually all over the country. There is a mismatch between the demand and supply of houses in Malaysia by forty percent. Government can play a major role in providing affordable housing (Shuid, 2015). Challenges and issues Private and public sector face many challenges and issues while providing housing needs to the people. The issues that people face needs to be addressed urgently to maintain sustainability. The main problem is with the five year Malaysian plan that does not specify provision of housing needs to the poor. The poor section has been given low priority by the public sector. The main issue with the public sector is that it is slow in approving the application for land developments. The problem with the private sector was that it only targeted the rich people and the cost of the houses provided by them was high. The private sectors are not keen on development of low cost houses as the main aim of the private sector is profit maximization. Another problem is that many projects that targets poorer section of societies has been abandoned and left incomplete. The victims are mostly the middle and the poor section. The builders aims at extracting as much money it can from then poor people for w hich they adopt various ways (Zainun Ismail, 2015). In Malaysia there are two components of private sector housing provisions. The first component is the housing developer that indulges in initiating projects themselves and speculative building. The second component is construction firms that develops and provides organizations and entrepreneurial skills that construct the dwellings themselves. Licensed are required by the private sector builders before starting any construction (Ubale et al., 2013). Conclusion Affordable housing has been a necessity due to the rise in the prices and low income of the people. It is necessary for the government to take proper measures so that the low income group people can afford adequate and good quality houses. Sustainability does not only mean providing healthy environment but maintaining a healthy standard of living as well. Standard of living can be maintained by spreading the income among the different sections of the society equally. The main issue in Malaysia is that the housing facility is only beneficial to the rich while it ignore the poor. The Government should take proper measures to bridge the gap between the rich and poor by concentrating on the low income group. Subsidies should be given to the one who cannot afford a house. The interest on housing loans should be reduced. References Abdul-Rahman, H., Wang, C., Wood, L. C., Khoo, Y. M. (2012). Defects in affordable housing projects in Klang Valley, Malaysia.Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities,28(2), 272-285. Aziz, W. N. A. W. A., Singaravelloo, K., Doling, J., Hanif, N. R. (2014). Towards a Housing Policy in Malaysia. InHousing East Asia(pp. 140-161). Palgrave Macmillan UK. Bakhtyar, B., Zaharim, A., Sopian, K., Moghimi, S. (2013). Housing for poor people.WSEAS transactions on environment and development,9(2), 126-136. Baqutayan, S. (2014). The Affordable Housing Stress among Middle-Income Group.Journal Of Humanities And Social Science (IOSRJHSS) Volume,19(7), 2014. Doling, J., Ronald, R. (Eds.). (2014).Housing East Asia: Socioeconomic and Demographic Challenges. Palgrave Macmillan. Ferguson, B., Smets, P., Mason, D. (2014). THE NEW POLITICAL ECONOMY OF AFFORDABLE HOUSING FINANCE AND URBAN DEVELOPMENT.Affordable Housing in the Urban Global South: Seeking Sustainable Solutions, 40. Hamzah, H., Murphy, L. (2014). The Role of Institutions in Sustaining Mandatory Low-Income Housing.Pacific Rim Property Research Journal,20(2), 129-144. Labin, A. M. J. E., Che-Ani, A. I., Kamaruzzaman, S. N. (2014). Affordable housing performance indicators for landed houses in the central region of Malaysia.Modern Applied Science,8(6), p70. Labin, A. M. J. E., Che-Ani, A. I., Kamaruzzaman, S. N. (2014). Affordable housing performance indicators for landed houses in the central region of Malaysia.Modern Applied Science,8(6), p70. Muhsin, F., Yusoff, W. F. M., Mohamed, M. F., Sapian, A. R. (2014). DESIGN STRATEGIES TO ENHANCE NATURAL VENTILATION OF AFFORDABLE MULTI-STOREY HOUSING FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT.ON SUSTAINABLE URBAN DESIGN FOR LIVEABLE CITIES (SUDLiC 2014), 122. Rahman, A. M. A., Md, N., Al-Obaidi, K., Ismail, M., Mui, L. Y. (2013). Rethinking the Malaysian affordable housing design typology in view of global warming considerations.Journal of Sustainable Development,6(7), 134. Shuid, S. (2015). The housing provision system in Malaysia.Habitat International. Teck-Hong, T. (2012). Housing satisfaction in medium-and high-cost housing: The case of Greater Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.Habitat International,36(1), 108-116. Ubale, M. Y., Martin, D., Wee, S. T. (2013). Comparative study between Malaysia and Nigeria formal low cost housing policy issues.Asian Economic and Financial Review,3(7), 923. Zainun, N. Y., Ismail, S. S. (2015, July). Low Cost Housing Demand Factors In Malaysia. InApplied Mechanics and Materials(Vol. 773, pp. 1037-1041).

Voyages of Self-discovery free essay sample

My life has been somewhat like a mosaic. As a child, I have been raised in a proud Taiwan culture (proud both in terms of its Chinese language heritage and tradition). Yet I have a family who greatly values independent thought and thus exposed me to a myriad of environments and diverse cultures. I spent the majority of my elementary in Canada where my dreams and aspirations took shape. The free and idyllic atmosphere there (both in school and in social situations) fostered my risk-taking and inquisitive spirit. Even after I had gone back to Taiwan, the image of Canada was planted in my mind. Though I love my home country, growing up there was not what I really wanted. At school, students were just expected to â€Å"follow the directions.† That was not me. I wanted to doubt, to question, and to be skeptical even towards authority. Curiosity is in my nature. We will write a custom essay sample on Voyages of Self-discovery or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page I could not help myself. It was then I decided to coming to the States in hopes of better pursuing my dreams and figuring out my life. Here, I have seized every opportunity to broaden my horizons and work for the benefit of the larger community. I flew to the Amazing Meeting at Las Vegas, a convention of some of the world’s best science communicators, and conversed about the importance of science literacy in today’s society. I traveled to the stone coasts of Vancouver and worked alongside a dozen whale researchers, helping me recognize the fragility and tentativeness of life on Earth. I attended Secular Humanism gatherings and equipped myself with the weapons of reason against the nonsensical and the irrational—ultimately, to safeguard freedom of inquiry and investigation from religion and superstition. During these experiences, I had a plethora of opportunities to explore my inner self. I discovered qualities that are harmonious with those that I value and place in high esteem: appreci ation of beauty, honest inquiry, and love for the truth. In the middle of high school, my exploratory journey continued. Carrying a deep will to question, I embarked on a philosophical exploration quite unlike those during my childhood times. Why am I here? What am I here for? What is the meaning and purpose of existence? This time, my vehicle was my mind, and my voyage was one of self-discovery. My love of contemplating courageous questions eventually (or perhaps inevitably) led my winding path to gates of science. Previously blinded by the trivialities of daily life, science opened my eyes and my senses to the larger universal reality outside of my own little shell. The scientific outlook of the universe shattered my self-conceived vanity in daily life. It unveiled a world far beyond my wildest childhood imaginations—the vastness of astronomical space, the immensity of geological time, and the elegant complexity and richness of life on Earth. Think about it! Our brains may be the only objects in the entire universe capable of con templating its own existence! From my lonely point in cosmos, a sudden awareness of the immense inexplicability of the universe dawned on me. It was then T.S. Eliots words wafted a new profound personal meaning, We shall not cease from exploration, and the end of all our exploring will be to arrive where we started, and know the place for the first time.† Sometimes in my sleepless nights, whenever existential doubts threaten to come back and haunt me, I would lie on the grass on my backyard and silently stare skywards. I would sit on the edge of the pond as the Milky Way gradually comes into view, extending across the sky and slowly claiming the night. The clear waters reflect both the shimmering brilliance and the immensity of the heavens. Infinity above. Eternity below. While pondering the deepest questions of human existence, I would lie there, enchanted by Andromeda, Gemini, Orion, and tearful with the unheard symphony of the cosmic harmony. I would set my mind free and gaze across the millennia to view humanity residing in space, having built a glorious civilization among the stars. Imagine! They will have glimpsed inventions, ideas, and worlds undreamt of in our present day. Even though I may not live to witness that monumental moment, I take comfort in the fact that I have the potential to comprise a small but important role in this timeless pursuit of knowledge and wisdom—the uniquely human endeavor we call science. Over the years, I have come to realize that science is itself a voyage of self-discovery—although my lifelong search for who I am and how I fit into the world has come to an end, I have just begun the eternal adventure of finding out what it truly means to be human. In understanding the world around us, we are in turn searching for our place in the universe. I am an explorer still. At times, Carl Sagans immortal words ring in my mind, The scientific enterprise spans the generations; we remember those who prepared the way, seeing for them also. Thus in my time and my generation, I carry a special responsibility to further our understanding of the cosmos and ourselves. And in doing so, I will contribute my part and advance anot her step on humanitys ladder reaching for the stars.

Japans Alternate Attendance System

Japan's Alternate Attendance System The alternate attendance system, or sankin-kotai, was a Tokugawa Shogunate policy that required daimyo  (or provincial lords) to divide their time between the capital of their own domain and the shoguns capital city of Edo (Tokyo). The tradition actually began informally during the reign of Toyotomi Hideyoshi (1585 - 1598), but was codified into law by Tokugawa Iemitsu in 1635.   Actually, the first sankin-kotai law applied only to what were known as the  tozama  or outside daimyo. These were lords who did not join the Tokugawa side until after the Battle of Sekigahara (Oct. 21, 1600), which cemented Tokugawa power in Japan. Many of the lords from distant, large, and powerful domains were among the tozama daimyo, so they were the shoguns first priority to control. In 1642, however, sankin-kotai was also extended to the  fudai  daimyo, those whose clans had been allied with the Tokugawas even before Sekigahara. A past history of loyalty was no guarantee of continued good behavior, so the fudai daimyo had to pack their bags as well. Alternate Attendance System Under the alternate attendance system, each domain lord was required to spend alternating years in their own domain capitals or attending the shoguns court in Edo. The daimyo had to maintain lavish homes in both cities  and had to pay to travel with their retinues and samurai armies between the two places every year. The central government insured that the daimyo complied by requiring that they leave their wives and first-born sons in Edo at all times, as virtual hostages of the shogun. The shoguns stated reason for imposing this burden on the daimyo was that it was necessary for national defense. Each daimyo had to supply a certain number of samurai, calculated according to the wealth of his domain, and bring them to the capital for military service every second year. However, the shoguns actually enacted this measure to keep the daimyo busy and to impose hefty expenses on them, so that the lords would not have the time and money to start wars. Alternate attendance was an effective tool to prevent Japan from slipping back into the chaos that characterized the Sengoku Period (1467 - 1598).   The alternate attendance system also had some secondary, perhaps unplanned benefits for Japan.  Because the lords and their large numbers of followers had to travel so often, they needed good roads. A system of well-maintained highways grew across the entire country, as a result. The main roads to each province were known as the  kaido. The alternate attendance travelers also stimulated the economy all along their route, buying food and lodging in the towns and villages that they passed through on their way to Edo. A new kind of hotel or guesthouse sprang up along the kaido, known as honjin, and built specifically to house the daimyo and their retinues as they traveled to and from the capital.  The alternate attendance system also provided entertainment for the common people. The daimyos yearly processions back and forth to the shoguns capital were festive occasions, and everyone turned out to watch them pass. After all, everybody loves a parade. Alternate attendance worked well for the Tokugawa Shogunate. During its entire reign of more than 250 years, no Tokugawa shogun faced an uprising by any of the daimyo. The system remained in force until 1862, just six years before the shogun fell in the Meiji Restoration. Among the leaders of the Meiji Restoration movement were two of the very most tozama (outside) of all the daimyo - the restive lords of Chosu and Satsuma, at the very southern end of the main Japanese islands.

Influences of Online Book Preview Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Influences of Online Book Preview - Essay Example Considering such situations the publishing house has been suggested to start on a new venture of online publications of their books and sell their books via the popular retailers over the web space. The publishing house can also make some portion of their books available over the Internet which may act as an effective promotional campaign for their books. However they needs to be careful with such measures as often service providers can publish books online without their permission and also can make the books available for free download. Case of Google book copyright infringement has been referred to bring out a practical example of such copyright violations. The publishing house needs to be careful in implementing such measures as any negligence can further hamper their cause. Technology has improved rapidly in the past decade. It has made its prominence in almost all the sectors. Business houses all over the world have implemented the e-business to gain maximum profitability for th eir business. Digitalization of market has made it possible for the availability of almost everything over the internet. The number of technology savvy people has increased considerably all over the globe and people prefer to take the online help to meet their purpose. In such an era, digitalization of books has covered a large part of the e-market and is providing considerable amount of threat for the conventional publisher who does not have a considerable presence over the web. Furthermore the presence of the online book preview is hampering the business of the publishers to a large extent. Popularity of Online book preview Online book preview is available in many internet sites where the users can view the book in an electronic form. The electronic books are published over the internet which facilitates the users to have a glance of the whole book or a part of the book. The e-books are readable on computers or in the latest electronic devices. The existence of e-book can be possi ble without any printed equivalence. The earlier version of the eBooks was available for specific purposes and in specialized areas and had limited number of viewers. Those form of ebooks or the online book preview options did not pose any considerable harm to the interest of the major publication houses and it was quite beneficial for the readers as well. However post 1990, internet broadened the option of the availability of the eBooks occurred in large scale. In the present market the online preview of books is available in many desired technological formats which have created more interest among the readers. Another feature of the online book preview really benefits the interest of the users which includes the free viewing. The users over the internet can virtually have a preview of their desired books for almost free, which further enhances their cause of the growing popularity of the medium. Other than the option of free viewing some internet sites also provides the option for the free download which comes as a gift for the millions of book readers. Nowadays users of internet can gain access to almost any books of their preferred subjects and choice and read them online. The online book preview provides facility also offers opportunity for the writers who cannot publish their books because of the denial from the publishers. They can make their books available to the readers through the online mode.  

Film Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 2

Film - Essay Example Essentially considering which specific context would inspire the film to convey its core substance and value, Linklater and the rest of the filmmaking body could have schemed for direction and production on account of the city structure of Paris, the significance of open spaces within this big city, as well as the use of mixed concepts involving places whose functions are distinct from each other. Paris had shaped and created a colourful indispensable mark in the world history as much as the mother nation had so that through it, one would gain ease and good point of recollecting the period of Renaissance or the age of Enlightenment across Europe where fields like arts, literature, music, and philosophy flourished upon the emergence of intellectuals. To this day, the essence of creativity and critical thinking lives on in a manner that encourages a culture of thinkers to run the course of nature which apparently determines the mild rustic look of Paris, as a whole, though it is widely known to the world for its high sense of fashion. Its preserved humble yet classical structure occurs as the leading ground behind how the city manages to remain conducive for intellectual sort of reflections among real individuals whose roles might probably be those assumed by Jesse and Celine. Watching â€Å"Before Sunset† with intent look into the general structure of the city, the audi ence may naturally recognize the feel of society that lacks industrial appeal or some technological approach of projecting the theme, for the thematic relevance that proceeds along the conversation of the couple seems intimately connected to the historical roots of civilization. The structural worth of the city provides context to a depth of insight possessed by the main act of exchanging words from point to point where no high-rise postmodern constructions blend in so as to secure the notion that the city is at the level close to the view of humanism rather than industrialism. On the other

Studies and researches on diverse groups of English speakers Essay Example for Free

Studies and researches on diverse groups of English speakers Essay In lieu of the English language expansion throughout the globe, particular nation should really take the advantage of being proficient in the English language even if it is not its official language. As stated earlier, the English language is widely known and used not only by the English-spoken countries but also by the international community (Cheshire 2007). Thus, it is really an advantage if countries would learn how to speak and understand the English language. However, the inclusion of the English language in the curriculum of education of different countries is not really that simple. Moreover, the English language itself is being draft and constructed in a new structure depending on the culture, tradition and established educational method. Hence in a way, there is still a different way of using and understanding the English language. Shaobin’s â€Å"English as a Global Language in China† According to Ji Shaobin, the English language is a very important tool for the Chinese in order to have access on the international scene. He argued that in this modern period, the language that is commonly used in the international scene is the English language hence China should improve their proficiency in the English language (2002). He said that in the ancient times China was against having any contact with the Western culture because of a fear that their Chinese cultural heritage might be contaminated (Shaobin 2002). However, such conservatism would not really help China in advancing itself economically and politically speaking (Weixing 2003). Also, such attempt to close China from the influence of the English language became so impossible given the fact that in order to have a good international business transaction or any international affair, one should do it using the English language otherwise both parties would not understand each other. Moreover, China realized that only through the use of the English language can they penetrate and have access on modern scientific and technological advances (Liu 2007). Besides, the English language is the language that is being used in economic transactions globally (Ross 1993). Hence, China was forced to recognize the importance of a foreign language – that is the English language. In 1978, the reformation of the Chinese economy marked the total entrance of English as its foreign language (Shaobin 2002). With the consideration that Western companies and other transnational organizations may really help the economy of China, English was allowed to be used and practiced in China (Ross 1993). Due to overwhelming advantages of learning and using the English language, China included in its curriculum of education the teaching of English. Such change in educational system facilitated the economic progress in China wherein people who have something to do with business and marketing were using the English language to make business transactions outside China (Shaobin 2002). In addition, Chinese students, even if learning English was not really compulsory, were forced to study it since it has a great advantage on employment. There was an increase of need on English teachers who would teach the English language top the Chinese students (Shaobin 2002). And because of this event, even Chinese teachers were motivated to take English courses too. Nonetheless, China does not really intend to embrace the Western tradition. It is only the English language that they want to adopt. Evidently, China is rising as one of the superpowers in this modern era (Weixing 2003). Together with Japan, China has truly made use of the English language to boost its economic and political aspects. Japan on the English Language and English-speakers The English Language has been considered as the second official language in Japan (Porcaro 2002). It cannot be doubted that Japan has a distinct culture and tradition as well as form of educational system that which is far different from other countries. However, due to economic pursuit, Japan realizes the importance of having a second language that other countries can understand. Japan uses the English to advance itself politically, economically and internationally (Marciamo 2005). The English language is widely used in Japan as public signs. Although, these signs are still printed in Japanese language, it is translated in the English language. Street signs, area maps, transportation directions, post offices and banks’ signs are also translated in English. Such is made for the benefit of the tourists. It is a lot easier and practicable to translate those signs in the English language in order for the tourists to understand the signs posted in Japan (for travel convenience) (Marciamo 2005). When it comes to internet and websites, Japanese companies provide an English version of their websites. Further, the government of Japan and its agencies has also an English version of its websites (McMillan 1999). With regards to media and movies, Japanese films are shown with English subtitles (Marciamo 2005). There are also bilingual programs that are being simulcast and shown in the national TV channel of Japan – in Japanese and in English (McMillan 1999). Major newspapers and magazines are also printed with English translations. Japan’s curriculum for education includes the teaching of the English language (just like China). The Japanese government makes English a required subject. All Japanese schools include English in their education program (Saito, Nakamura, Yamazaki 2002). However it is not the case that all Japanese are proficient in the English language – in writing and speaking of it. Yet, it shows that Japan’s proficiency in speaking the English language is rising (Marciamo 2005). Moreover, the Japanese language is said to have an increasing character of having assimilations on the English language (Marciamo 2005). But then, it does not follow that all English speakers worldwide can understand the Japanese language. Only that the English language is being used extensively by the Japanese people in their everyday activities and dwellings (Stanlaw 2005). There is no other country but Japan where the English language has a special status (McMillan 1999). As mentioned above, it does not follow that all or even most of the Japanese can speak and understand (Marciamo 2005) English. Hitherto, Japan is one of the countries which regard the English language as an essential means to communicate with other people of different culture, race and tradition.

Comparing Virtue and Vice in Garrick’s Romeo and Juliet and Bowdler’s R

Virtue versus vice is of great concern in the 18th century, an issue that causes a major shift in the presentation of plays on the stage. Stage writers adapted well-known plays to meet the criteria and expectations of the time. Contributing to the overall acceptance of virtue on stage is the enforcement of decency and cleanliness by both the ruling class and the audience. A famous actor of the time, David Garrick, not only abided by these rules but also worked them to his advantage. Garrick packed theater houses with his talent and versatility as an actor, while at the same time promoting an acceptance of cleaner versions of plays. Many of these adapted plays were by Shakespeare, though Garrick himself wrote plays that were as universally accepted. Audiences today may criticize the inadequacy of these adaptations, but during the 18th century audiences expected and loved them. What were these changes exactly and where did they originate? Garrick himself does not begin this movement towards virtue, but simply accepts the changes present. In 1698, Jeremy Collier wrote A Short View of the Immortality and Profaneness of the English Stage. This piece strongly attacks the current conditions of the theater and the various "immoral" works by certain authors currently published. The Longman Anthology of British Literature writes, "by portraying wickedness in ways that give delight, [Jeremy Collier] argued contemporary plays cultivated in their audiences the vices of their characters" (2270 Longman Anthology of British Literature). These authors include such notable minds as John Dryden, William Congreve and William Wycherley. Collier especially criticizes the profane use of language and the abuse of clergy all of which, he felt, manage... ...sctn=1 Garrick, David. The Dramatic Works of David Garrick, Esq. Vo. 1 London, 1798. Greenbalt, ed. The Norton Shakespeare Based on theOxford Edition. New York: London, 1997. Frye, Northrop. "Essay date 1986." Mark W. Scott, ed. pgs 575-579. Hume, Robert D. "Before the Bard: Shakespeare in Early Eighteenth-Century London." ELH 64.1 (1997): 41-75. November 14, 2000. <http://muse.jhu.edu/journals/elh/v064/64.1hume.html>. Jameson, Anna Brownell. "Essay date 1833." Mark W. Scott, ed. pgs 423-425. Knight, Joseph. "David Garrick" Literature Criticism from 1400 to 1800. Vol. 15. November 7, 2000. http://galenet.com/serv/LitRC/hitsc=1&b=17171779&savedsrch=&NR=Garrick&OP=contains&DT=Author+RE. Scott, Mark W. ed. Shakespeare Criticism. Kansas City: Gale Research Company, 1987. Ulrici, Hermann. "Essay date 1847." Mark W. Scott, ed. pgs 427-428.

Urbanisation has changed the face of Mumbai

After living in this busy metropolis, this island of islands for about 17 years I’ve realised one thing – your senses are automatically heightened. Whether it’s your eyes that are constantly alert in the fast paced traffic or your ears that are forced to hear a cacophony of trains, vendors and honking cars. Your mouth and taste buds that have grown accustomed to Mumbai’s spicy, flavoursome cuisine. And of course, we’ve all had the chance to travel in a packed local train, scared that we’d get pick-pocketed, it’s like we’re born with a heightened sense of touch too.But I perceive Mumbai to be a â€Å"city of smells†. By this, I don’t imply that ours is a city full of stench and smog, no it’s much more than that! Like each home has a distinct smell of its own, Mumbai has these particular aromas and scents that define the city and give it character. The moment you step into Mumbai, your impression about the cit y could vary, depending on whether you’re an optimist or a pessimist. A pessimist would complain about the foul odour that comes from the slums, (You should know that Mumbai is home to one of the largest slums in Asia – Dharavi, so that’s a lot of stink! , the amount of vehicular pollution and smoke from cigarettes, the malodour of overflowing sewage etc. An optimist, on the other hand would enjoy the sterile, sanitised smell of malls, hotels which are plenty in Mumbai. Or you could be a realist like me and believe the city has a dual identity with motley collection of fragrances and odours. But that’s a discussion for later. Urbanisation has changed the face of Mumbai entirely – quaint little bungalows with terracotta tiled roofs are replaced with high rises made of chrome and glass. Niwas-es† and ‘Sadans’ are pulled down to make way for ‘Towers’ and ‘Heights’. However there still are some remaining gar dens and patches of green like the Hanging Gardens, Jijamata Udyan, the Sanjay Gandhi National Park to name a few. Mumbaikars still visit these parks to get a whiff of nature. And how can I forget the numerous â€Å"Chaafa† or champa trees with their sweet smelling flowers! Ironically this fast pace of industrialisation and development hasn’t improved the condition of public toilets in the city. Most Mumbaikars still cringe at the stink that comes from our city’s ‘shauchalayas’.The part of Mumbai that I enjoy the most is the sea. As a child, I’d know that we were passing by some â€Å"Chowpatty† or beach by the crisp saltiness in the air. Mumbai’s fish markets smell of the salty sea too – it’s the smell of freshly caught fish. Most times these markets give off the odour of rotting fish – an odour I still find repulsive. And then there is the floating smell of sukka bombil or Bombay duck dried in the sun near the coast! Another way of knowing that you’re near a crowded beach is the inescapable smell of chaat.The aroma of herbs, garam masala, the tang of squeezed lemons in a plate of bhelpuri or sev puri are enough to set the juices going in your mouth! You’d also smell vadapavs being friend and pav bhaaji being prepared – taka-tak – two dishes that originated in Mumbai. And then there is the smell of piping hot ‘cutting chai’, (The term cutting chai is said to have originated in Mumbai too! ) sold at tea stalls at every nukkad of Mumbai. Every meal in India usually ends with â€Å"paan†. Another common feature on the streets and many walls of Mumbai are paan stains which have their own disagreeable stink.Sometimes I can tell which part of Mumbai I’m in only by the distinctive redolence of that part. I know my train is passing through Andheri when I get a whiff of baked biscuits because the Parle G factory is very close to Andheri st ation. I know that my taxi has taken a turn at King’s Circle because of the aroma of freshly ground coffee beans and the local cafes serving original south-Indian filter coffee. For that matter I still associate the aroma of freshly baked bread, cakes and cookies from the string of bakeries in my very own Orlem.Travelling in local trains has become a part of the daily routine of a large number of Mumbaikars. More than often these trains are overcrowded, filled with more passengers than can fit in. Now it’s not the sea of bodies that I have an issue with, it’s the smell of human sweat that’s the problem! At such times I dream of Mumbai during the monsoon. There is nothing more beautiful, more gratifying than rains in the city! It gives us Mumbaikars relief from the summer heat, the air smells fresh and clean. The smell of wet mud right after a shower is almost magical. Yes, such earthy fragrances are a part of Mumbai too!

Global Environmental Issues Of The World - 1605 Words

There are more than 7 billion people on Earth and counting presently, and roughly one in eight of us does not have enough to eat. The question â€Å"how many people the Earth can contain and sustain† is a long-standing one that becomes more intense as the world s population—and our use of natural resources—keeps booming(1). It should be noted that there are 7 continents (Asia, Africa, South America, North America, Europe, Australia and Antarctica) and 196 countries without including sub-nations and unoccupied islands in the world. This is not shocking to people as the world dynamics cannot be completely studied as population trends change from time to time due periodic occurrences. Population debates like this are why, in 2011, National Geographic published a series called 7 Billion on world population, its trends, implications, and future. After years of examining global environmental issues such as climate change, energy, food supply, and freshwater, we thought the time was ripe for a deep discussion of people and how we are related to all these other issues—issues that are getting increased attention today, amid the new population projections(1). Recent researches show that the world population took billions of years to reach 7 billion and between 200 years rapidly increased 5 percent and increased to 7.4 billion(2).(2) In a famous 1798 essay, the Reverend Thomas Malthus proposed that human population would grow more rapidly than our ability to grow food, and thatShow MoreRelatedGlobal Environmental Issues Of The World1540 Words   |  7 Pageshow many people the Earth can support is a long-standing one that becomes more intense as the world s population—and our use of natural resources—keeps booming(1). 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